Glossary: FI Module 16 — Credit Analysis: Corporate Issuers

TermDefinition
Corporate family rating (CFR)The overall credit rating of a corporate issuer (Moody’s terminology)
Corporate credit rating (CCR)The overall credit rating of a corporate issuer (S&P terminology)
EBIT marginEBIT / Revenue; measures operating profitability
EBITDA marginEBITDA / Revenue; measures operating cash flow profitability before non-cash charges
Leverage ratioDebt / EBITDA or Debt / Capital; measures reliance on debt financing
Coverage ratioEBITDA / Interest expense; measures ability to service debt from operating earnings
FFO (funds from operations)Net income + depreciation + amortization + deferred taxes; a cash flow measure for credit analysis
Seniority rankingThe order of priority for claims in liquidation: secured > senior unsecured > subordinated
Cross-defaultA provision that triggers default on a bond if the issuer defaults on any other debt
Structural subordinationHolding company debt is effectively junior to operating subsidiary debt because subsidiary assets satisfy subsidiary claims first

See also: Credit Risk