M04 – Arbitrage, Replication, and the Cost of Carry — CFAI Practice Problems

Source: CFAI CFA1 Derivatives Practice 2026 – Volume 7 Back to module: m04-arbitrage-replication Glossary: M04 Terms


Question 1

The law of one price states that:

  • A. all assets in the same asset class must have the same expected return.
  • B. two assets or portfolios with identical future cash flows must sell for the same price today.
  • C. the price of an asset must equal its book value in an efficient market.

Question 2

An analyst observes that an asset trades at different prices on two exchanges at the same time. The analyst can most likely earn a risk-free profit by:

  • A. buying on the exchange with the higher price and selling on the exchange with the lower price.
  • B. buying on the exchange with the lower price and selling on the exchange with the higher price.
  • C. buying on both exchanges simultaneously and waiting for prices to converge.

Question 3

A forward contract on a non-dividend-paying stock can be replicated by:

  • A. buying the stock today and borrowing the purchase price at the risk-free rate.
  • B. selling the stock short today and lending the proceeds at the risk-free rate.
  • C. buying a call option and selling a put option with the same strike price.

Question 4

According to the cost of carry model, the forward price of an asset is given by:

This formula assumes the underlying asset has:

  • A. continuous dividend payments and storage costs.
  • B. no interim cash flows, no benefits, and no carrying costs other than financing.
  • C. a convenience yield that exceeds the risk-free rate.

Question 5

A commodity has a spot price of $100, the annual risk-free rate is 5%, and the contract expires in one year. The commodity has annual storage costs of $3 (paid at end of year) and provides a convenience yield with a present value of $2. The net cost of carry and the theoretical forward price are closest to:

  • A. Net cost of carry = $6; Forward price = $106.
  • B. Net cost of carry = $8; Forward price = $108.
  • C. Net cost of carry = $3; Forward price = $103.